diff --git a/ietf/api/serializer.py b/ietf/api/serializer.py
index 9d6cf1ebb..8340fa8be 100644
--- a/ietf/api/serializer.py
+++ b/ietf/api/serializer.py
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ class JsonExportMixin(object):
 #             obj = None
 # 
 #         if obj is None:
-#             raise Http404(_('%(name)s object with primary key %(key)r does not exist.') % {'name': force_text(self.model._meta.verbose_name), 'key': escape(object_id)})
+#             raise Http404(_('%(name)s object with primary key %(key)r does not exist.') % {'name': force_str(self.model._meta.verbose_name), 'key': escape(object_id)})
 # 
 #         content_type = 'application/json'
 #         return HttpResponse(serialize([ obj ], sort_keys=True, indent=3)[2:-2], content_type=content_type)
diff --git a/ietf/doc/mails.py b/ietf/doc/mails.py
index ddb2843cc..8f5d0eb67 100644
--- a/ietf/doc/mails.py
+++ b/ietf/doc/mails.py
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ from django.utils.html import strip_tags
 from django.conf import settings
 from django.urls import reverse as urlreverse
 from django.utils import timezone
-from django.utils.encoding import force_text
+from django.utils.encoding import force_str
 
 import debug                            # pyflakes:ignore
 from ietf.doc.templatetags.mail_filters import std_level_prompt
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ def generate_ballot_writeup(request, doc):
     e.doc = doc
     e.rev = doc.rev
     e.desc = "Ballot writeup was generated"
-    e.text = force_text(render_to_string("doc/mail/ballot_writeup.txt", {'iana': iana, 'doc': doc }))
+    e.text = force_str(render_to_string("doc/mail/ballot_writeup.txt", {'iana': iana, 'doc': doc }))
 
     # caller is responsible for saving, if necessary
     return e
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ def generate_ballot_rfceditornote(request, doc):
     e.doc = doc
     e.rev = doc.rev
     e.desc = "RFC Editor Note for ballot was generated"
-    e.text = force_text(render_to_string("doc/mail/ballot_rfceditornote.txt"))
+    e.text = force_str(render_to_string("doc/mail/ballot_rfceditornote.txt"))
     e.save()
     
     return e
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ def generate_last_call_announcement(request, doc):
     e.doc = doc
     e.rev = doc.rev
     e.desc = "Last call announcement was generated"
-    e.text = force_text(mail)
+    e.text = force_str(mail)
 
     # caller is responsible for saving, if necessary
     return e
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ def generate_approval_mail(request, doc):
     e.doc = doc
     e.rev = doc.rev
     e.desc = "Ballot approval text was generated"
-    e.text = force_text(mail)
+    e.text = force_str(mail)
 
     # caller is responsible for saving, if necessary
     return e
diff --git a/ietf/doc/models.py b/ietf/doc/models.py
index ee56c0dc3..2181490c0 100644
--- a/ietf/doc/models.py
+++ b/ietf/doc/models.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ from django.urls import reverse as urlreverse
 from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType
 from django.conf import settings
 from django.utils import timezone
-from django.utils.encoding import force_text
+from django.utils.encoding import force_str
 from django.utils.html import mark_safe # type:ignore
 from django.contrib.staticfiles import finders
 
@@ -1131,7 +1131,7 @@ class DocHistory(DocumentInfo):
     name = models.CharField(max_length=255)
 
     def __str__(self):
-        return force_text(self.doc.name)
+        return force_str(self.doc.name)
 
     def get_related_session(self):
         return self.doc.get_related_session()
@@ -1193,7 +1193,7 @@ class DocAlias(models.Model):
         return self.docs.first()
 
     def __str__(self):
-        return u"%s-->%s" % (self.name, ','.join([force_text(d.name) for d in self.docs.all() if isinstance(d, Document) ]))
+        return u"%s-->%s" % (self.name, ','.join([force_str(d.name) for d in self.docs.all() if isinstance(d, Document) ]))
     document_link = admin_link("document")
     class Meta:
         verbose_name = "document alias"
diff --git a/ietf/doc/templatetags/ietf_filters.py b/ietf/doc/templatetags/ietf_filters.py
index 332e5ca15..1c5836328 100644
--- a/ietf/doc/templatetags/ietf_filters.py
+++ b/ietf/doc/templatetags/ietf_filters.py
@@ -13,8 +13,7 @@ from django.utils.html import escape
 from django.template.defaultfilters import truncatewords_html, linebreaksbr, stringfilter, striptags
 from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe, SafeData
 from django.utils.html import strip_tags
-from django.utils.encoding import force_text
-from django.utils.encoding import force_str # pyflakes:ignore force_str is used in the doctests
+from django.utils.encoding import force_str
 from django.urls import reverse as urlreverse
 from django.core.cache import cache
 from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
@@ -132,7 +131,7 @@ register.filter('fill', fill)
 @register.filter
 def prettystdname(string, space=" "):
     from ietf.doc.utils import prettify_std_name
-    return prettify_std_name(force_text(string or ""), space)
+    return prettify_std_name(force_str(string or ""), space)
 
 @register.filter
 def rfceditor_info_url(rfcnum : str):
diff --git a/ietf/doc/utils_charter.py b/ietf/doc/utils_charter.py
index d14684d42..84dc70c8c 100644
--- a/ietf/doc/utils_charter.py
+++ b/ietf/doc/utils_charter.py
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ from django.conf import settings
 from django.urls import reverse as urlreverse
 from django.template.loader import render_to_string
 from django.utils import timezone
-from django.utils.encoding import smart_text, force_text
+from django.utils.encoding import smart_text, force_str
 
 import debug                            # pyflakes:ignore
 
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ def generate_ballot_writeup(request, doc):
     e.doc = doc
     e.rev = doc.rev,
     e.desc = "Ballot writeup was generated"
-    e.text = force_text(render_to_string("doc/charter/ballot_writeup.txt"))
+    e.text = force_str(render_to_string("doc/charter/ballot_writeup.txt"))
 
     # caller is responsible for saving, if necessary
     return e
diff --git a/ietf/doc/views_charter.py b/ietf/doc/views_charter.py
index c49710895..d3173291d 100644
--- a/ietf/doc/views_charter.py
+++ b/ietf/doc/views_charter.py
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ from django.conf import settings
 from django.contrib import messages
 from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
 from django.utils import timezone
-from django.utils.encoding import force_text
+from django.utils.encoding import force_str
 from django.utils.html import escape
 
 import debug                            # pyflakes:ignore
@@ -821,7 +821,7 @@ def charter_with_milestones_txt(request, name, rev):
 
     try:
         with io.open(os.path.join(settings.CHARTER_PATH, filename), 'r') as f:
-            charter_text = force_text(f.read(), errors='ignore')
+            charter_text = force_str(f.read(), errors='ignore')
     except IOError:
         charter_text = "Error reading charter text %s" % filename
 
diff --git a/ietf/doc/views_status_change.py b/ietf/doc/views_status_change.py
index 99f82d435..9a878bc54 100644
--- a/ietf/doc/views_status_change.py
+++ b/ietf/doc/views_status_change.py
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ from django.http import Http404, HttpResponseRedirect
 from django.urls import reverse
 from django.template.loader import render_to_string
 from django.conf import settings
-from django.utils.encoding import force_text
+from django.utils.encoding import force_str
 from django.utils.html import escape
 
 import debug                            # pyflakes:ignore
@@ -665,7 +665,7 @@ def generate_last_call_text(request, doc):
     e.doc = doc
     e.rev = doc.rev
     e.desc = 'Last call announcement was generated'
-    e.text = force_text(new_text)
+    e.text = force_str(new_text)
     e.save()
 
     return e 
diff --git a/ietf/group/admin.py b/ietf/group/admin.py
index 0773a4ce2..d6cbf5f1b 100644
--- a/ietf/group/admin.py
+++ b/ietf/group/admin.py
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ from django.contrib.admin.utils import unquote
 from django.core.management import load_command_class
 from django.http import Http404
 from django.shortcuts import render
-from django.utils.encoding import force_text
+from django.utils.encoding import force_str
 from django.utils.html import escape
 from django.utils.translation import ugettext as _
 
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ class GroupAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
             permission_denied(request, "You don't have edit permissions for this change.")
 
         if obj is None:
-            raise Http404(_('%(name)s object with primary key %(key)r does not exist.') % {'name': force_text(opts.verbose_name), 'key': escape(object_id)})
+            raise Http404(_('%(name)s object with primary key %(key)r does not exist.') % {'name': force_str(opts.verbose_name), 'key': escape(object_id)})
 
         return self.send_reminder(request, sdo=obj)
     
diff --git a/ietf/ipr/feeds.py b/ietf/ipr/feeds.py
index b5f4c4e6a..4979c649b 100644
--- a/ietf/ipr/feeds.py
+++ b/ietf/ipr/feeds.py
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ from django.contrib.syndication.views import Feed
 from django.utils.feedgenerator import Atom1Feed
 from django.urls import reverse_lazy
 from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
-from django.utils.encoding import force_text
+from django.utils.encoding import force_str
 
 from ietf.ipr.models import IprDisclosureBase
 
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ class LatestIprDisclosuresFeed(Feed):
         return mark_safe(item.title)
 
     def item_description(self, item):
-        return force_text(item.title)
+        return force_str(item.title)
         
     def item_pubdate(self, item):
         return item.time
diff --git a/ietf/ipr/mail.py b/ietf/ipr/mail.py
index f1d8039db..842426d82 100644
--- a/ietf/ipr/mail.py
+++ b/ietf/ipr/mail.py
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ from email import message_from_bytes
 from email.utils import parsedate_tz
 
 from django.template.loader import render_to_string
-from django.utils.encoding import force_text, force_bytes
+from django.utils.encoding import force_str, force_bytes
 
 import debug                            # pyflakes:ignore
 
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ def get_reply_to():
     address with "plus addressing" using a random string.  Guaranteed to be unique"""
     local,domain = get_base_ipr_request_address().split('@')
     while True:
-        rand = force_text(base64.urlsafe_b64encode(os.urandom(12)))
+        rand = force_str(base64.urlsafe_b64encode(os.urandom(12)))
         address = "{}+{}@{}".format(local,rand,domain)
         q = Message.objects.filter(reply_to=address)
         if not q:
diff --git a/ietf/liaisons/forms.py b/ietf/liaisons/forms.py
index fa1f550d0..3dfe6e406 100644
--- a/ietf/liaisons/forms.py
+++ b/ietf/liaisons/forms.py
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ class AddCommentForm(forms.Form):
 #     def render(self):
 #         output = []
 #         for widget in self:
-#             output.append(format_html(force_text(widget)))
+#             output.append(format_html(force_str(widget)))
 #         return mark_safe('\n'.join(output))
 
 
diff --git a/ietf/nomcom/templatetags/nomcom_tags.py b/ietf/nomcom/templatetags/nomcom_tags.py
index 05a2c2e8b..c751383fb 100644
--- a/ietf/nomcom/templatetags/nomcom_tags.py
+++ b/ietf/nomcom/templatetags/nomcom_tags.py
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import re
 from django import template
 from django.conf import settings
 from django.template.defaultfilters import linebreaksbr, force_escape
-from django.utils.encoding import force_text, DjangoUnicodeDecodeError
+from django.utils.encoding import force_str, DjangoUnicodeDecodeError
 from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
 
 import debug           # pyflakes:ignore
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ def decrypt(string, request, year, plain=False):
     code, out, error = pipe(command % (settings.OPENSSL_COMMAND,
                             encrypted_file.name), key)
     try:
-        out = force_text(out)
+        out = force_str(out)
     except DjangoUnicodeDecodeError:
         pass
     if code != 0:
diff --git a/ietf/nomcom/views.py b/ietf/nomcom/views.py
index d862b3a40..51c165bce 100644
--- a/ietf/nomcom/views.py
+++ b/ietf/nomcom/views.py
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ from django.http import Http404, HttpResponseRedirect, HttpResponse
 from django.shortcuts import render, get_object_or_404, redirect
 from django.template.loader import render_to_string
 from django.urls import reverse
-from django.utils.encoding import force_bytes, force_text
+from django.utils.encoding import force_bytes, force_str
 
 
 from ietf.dbtemplate.models import DBTemplate
@@ -684,7 +684,7 @@ def private_questionnaire(request, year):
         if form.is_valid():
             form.save()
             messages.success(request, 'The questionnaire response has been registered.')
-            questionnaire_response = force_text(form.cleaned_data['comment_text'])
+            questionnaire_response = force_str(form.cleaned_data['comment_text'])
             form = QuestionnaireForm(nomcom=nomcom, user=request.user)
     else:
         form = QuestionnaireForm(nomcom=nomcom, user=request.user)
diff --git a/ietf/person/factories.py b/ietf/person/factories.py
index 8e80932c9..4761a3f4e 100644
--- a/ietf/person/factories.py
+++ b/ietf/person/factories.py
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ from unicodedata import normalize
 from django.conf import settings
 from django.contrib.auth.models import User
 from django.utils.text import slugify
-from django.utils.encoding import force_text
+from django.utils.encoding import force_str
 
 import debug                            # pyflakes:ignore
 
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ class PersonFactory(factory.django.DjangoModelFactory):
     # Some i18n names, e.g., "शिला के.सी." have a dot at the end that is also part of the ASCII, e.g., "Shilaa Kesii."
     # That trailing dot breaks extract_authors(). Avoid this issue by stripping the dot from the ASCII.
     # Some others have a trailing semicolon (e.g., "உயிரோவியம் தங்கராஐ;") - strip those, too.
-    ascii = factory.LazyAttribute(lambda p: force_text(unidecode_name(p.name)).rstrip(".;"))
+    ascii = factory.LazyAttribute(lambda p: force_str(unidecode_name(p.name)).rstrip(".;"))
 
     class Params:
         with_bio = factory.Trait(biography = "\n\n".join(fake.paragraphs())) # type: ignore
diff --git a/ietf/submit/mail.py b/ietf/submit/mail.py
index 93f97026c..1953ad81c 100644
--- a/ietf/submit/mail.py
+++ b/ietf/submit/mail.py
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ from django.urls import reverse as urlreverse
 from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
 from django.contrib.sites.models import Site
 from django.template.loader import render_to_string
-from django.utils.encoding import force_text, force_str
+from django.utils.encoding import force_str
 
 import debug                            # pyflakes:ignore
 
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ def get_reply_to():
     address with "plus addressing" using a random string.  Guaranteed to be unique"""
     local,domain = get_base_submission_message_address().split('@')
     while True:
-        rand = force_text(base64.urlsafe_b64encode(os.urandom(12)))
+        rand = force_str(base64.urlsafe_b64encode(os.urandom(12)))
         address = "{}+{}@{}".format(local,rand,domain)
         q = Message.objects.filter(reply_to=address)
         if not q:
diff --git a/ietf/submit/tests.py b/ietf/submit/tests.py
index 50a58494d..0a40b0016 100644
--- a/ietf/submit/tests.py
+++ b/ietf/submit/tests.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ from django.test import override_settings
 from django.test.client import RequestFactory
 from django.urls import reverse as urlreverse
 from django.utils import timezone
-from django.utils.encoding import force_str, force_text
+from django.utils.encoding import force_str
 import debug                            # pyflakes:ignore
 
 from ietf.submit.utils import (expirable_submissions, expire_submission, find_submission_filenames,
@@ -701,10 +701,10 @@ class SubmitTests(BaseSubmitTestCase):
         self.assertTrue("New Version Notification" in outbox[-2]["Subject"])
         self.assertTrue(name in get_payload_text(outbox[-2]))
         interesting_address = {'ietf':'mars', 'irtf':'irtf-chair', 'iab':'iab-chair', 'ise':'rfc-ise'}[draft.stream_id]
-        self.assertTrue(interesting_address in force_text(outbox[-2].as_string()))
+        self.assertTrue(interesting_address in force_str(outbox[-2].as_string()))
         if draft.stream_id == 'ietf':
-            self.assertTrue(draft.ad.role_email("ad").address in force_text(outbox[-2].as_string()))
-            self.assertTrue(ballot_position.balloter.role_email("ad").address in force_text(outbox[-2].as_string()))
+            self.assertTrue(draft.ad.role_email("ad").address in force_str(outbox[-2].as_string()))
+            self.assertTrue(ballot_position.balloter.role_email("ad").address in force_str(outbox[-2].as_string()))
         self.assertTrue("New Version Notification" in outbox[-1]["Subject"])
         self.assertTrue(name in get_payload_text(outbox[-1]))
         r = self.client.get(urlreverse('ietf.doc.views_search.recent_drafts'))
diff --git a/ietf/sync/rfceditor.py b/ietf/sync/rfceditor.py
index 59356dd48..784e7a2f0 100644
--- a/ietf/sync/rfceditor.py
+++ b/ietf/sync/rfceditor.py
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ from xml.dom import pulldom, Node
 
 from django.conf import settings
 from django.utils import timezone
-from django.utils.encoding import smart_bytes, force_str, force_text
+from django.utils.encoding import smart_bytes, force_str
 
 import debug                            # pyflakes:ignore
 
@@ -583,7 +583,7 @@ def post_approved_draft(url, name):
         if r.status_code != 200:
             raise RuntimeError("Status code is not 200 OK (it's %s)." % r.status_code)
 
-        if force_text(r.text) != "OK":
+        if force_str(r.text) != "OK":
             raise RuntimeError('Response is not "OK" (it\'s "%s").' % r.text)
 
     except Exception as e:
diff --git a/ietf/utils/accesstoken.py b/ietf/utils/accesstoken.py
index b2a93f77d..243d3f24d 100644
--- a/ietf/utils/accesstoken.py
+++ b/ietf/utils/accesstoken.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 import time, random, hashlib
 
 from django.conf import settings
-from django.utils.encoding import force_bytes, force_text
+from django.utils.encoding import force_bytes, force_str
 
 
 def generate_random_key(max_length=32):
@@ -18,4 +18,4 @@ def generate_access_token(key, max_length=32):
     # we hash it with the private key to make sure only we can
     # generate and use the final token - so storing the key in the
     # database is safe
-    return force_text(hashlib.sha256(force_bytes(settings.SECRET_KEY) + force_bytes(key)).hexdigest()[:max_length])
+    return force_str(hashlib.sha256(force_bytes(settings.SECRET_KEY) + force_bytes(key)).hexdigest()[:max_length])
diff --git a/ietf/utils/admin.py b/ietf/utils/admin.py
index 3e562c2bc..fa1ebb708 100644
--- a/ietf/utils/admin.py
+++ b/ietf/utils/admin.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
 
 from django.contrib import admin
-from django.utils.encoding import force_text
+from django.utils.encoding import force_str
 
 from ietf.utils.models import VersionInfo
 
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ def name(obj):
         if callable(obj.name):
             name = obj.name()
         else:
-            name = force_text(obj.name)
+            name = force_str(obj.name)
         if name:
             return name
     return str(obj)
diff --git a/ietf/utils/mail.py b/ietf/utils/mail.py
index b2b9f0b9d..e747c7477 100644
--- a/ietf/utils/mail.py
+++ b/ietf/utils/mail.py
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ from django.core.validators import validate_email
 from django.template.loader import render_to_string
 from django.template import Context,RequestContext
 from django.utils import timezone
-from django.utils.encoding import force_text, force_str, force_bytes
+from django.utils.encoding import force_str, force_bytes
 
 import debug                            # pyflakes:ignore
 
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ def send_smtp(msg, bcc=None):
                 server.quit()
             except smtplib.SMTPServerDisconnected:
                 pass
-        subj = force_text(msg.get('Subject', '[no subject]'))
+        subj = force_str(msg.get('Subject', '[no subject]'))
         tau = time.time() - mark
         log("sent email (%.3fs) from '%s' to %s id %s subject '%s'" % (tau, frm, to, msg.get('Message-ID', ''), subj))
     
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ def copy_email(msg, to, toUser=False, originalBcc=None):
     # Overwrite the From: header, so that the copy from a development or
     # test server doesn't look like spam.
     new['From'] = settings.DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL
-    new['Subject'] = '[Django %s] %s' % (settings.SERVER_MODE, force_text(msg.get('Subject', '[no subject]')))
+    new['Subject'] = '[Django %s] %s' % (settings.SERVER_MODE, force_str(msg.get('Subject', '[no subject]')))
     new['To'] = to
     send_smtp(new)
 
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ def show_that_mail_was_sent(request,leadline,msg,bcc):
             from ietf.ietfauth.utils import has_role
             if has_role(request.user,['Area Director','Secretariat','IANA','RFC Editor','ISE','IAD','IRTF Chair','WG Chair','RG Chair','WG Secretary','RG Secretary']):
                 info =  "%s at %s %s\n" % (leadline,timezone.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"),settings.TIME_ZONE)
-                info += "Subject: %s\n" % force_text(msg.get('Subject','[no subject]'))
+                info += "Subject: %s\n" % force_str(msg.get('Subject','[no subject]'))
                 info += "To: %s\n" % msg.get('To','[no to]')
                 if msg.get('Cc'):
                     info += "Cc: %s\n" % msg.get('Cc')
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ def show_that_mail_was_sent(request,leadline,msg,bcc):
 def save_as_message(request, msg, bcc):
     by = ((request and request.user and not request.user.is_anonymous and request.user.person)
             or ietf.person.models.Person.objects.get(name="(System)"))
-    headers, body = force_text(str(msg)).split('\n\n', 1)
+    headers, body = force_str(str(msg)).split('\n\n', 1)
     kwargs = {'by': by, 'body': body, 'content_type': msg.get_content_type(), 'bcc': bcc or '' }
     for (arg, field) in [
             ('cc',              'Cc'),
diff --git a/ietf/utils/management/commands/loadrelated.py b/ietf/utils/management/commands/loadrelated.py
index e3d84990c..da9d00d5d 100644
--- a/ietf/utils/management/commands/loadrelated.py
+++ b/ietf/utils/management/commands/loadrelated.py
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ from django.core.exceptions import ObjectDoesNotExist
 from django.core import serializers
 from django.db import DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS, DatabaseError, IntegrityError, connections
 from django.db.models.signals import post_save
-from django.utils.encoding import force_text
+from django.utils.encoding import force_str
 import django.core.management.commands.loaddata as loaddata
 
 import debug                            # pyflakes:ignore
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ class Command(loaddata.Command):
                         obj.save(using=self.using)
                         self.loaded_object_count += 1
                     except (DatabaseError, IntegrityError, ObjectDoesNotExist, AttributeError) as e:
-                        error_msg = force_text(e)
+                        error_msg = force_str(e)
                         if "Duplicate entry" in error_msg:
                             pass
                         else:
diff --git a/ietf/utils/management/commands/mergedata.py b/ietf/utils/management/commands/mergedata.py
index 861973482..e73014c78 100644
--- a/ietf/utils/management/commands/mergedata.py
+++ b/ietf/utils/management/commands/mergedata.py
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ from django.core.management.base import CommandError
 from django.core.management.commands.loaddata import Command as LoadCommand, humanize
 from django.db import DatabaseError, IntegrityError, router, transaction
 from django.db.models import ManyToManyField
-from django.utils.encoding import force_text
+from django.utils.encoding import force_str
 
 from ietf.utils.models import ForeignKey
 
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ class Command(LoadCommand):
                                 'object_name': obj.object._meta.object_name,
                                 'pk': obj.object.pk,
                                 'data': obj_to_dict(obj.object),
-                                'error_msg': force_text(e)
+                                'error_msg': force_str(e)
                             },)
                             raise
                 if objects and show_progress: